Common problems and solutions for servo motors

 1. Controller and motor matching problems

1. Mismatch of motor types
Mismatch of motor types is a common problem that causes servo motors to fail to operate normally. When purchasing a servo motor, you need to select the appropriate motor type according to actual needs. For example, a low-speed high-torque motor is suitable for occasions that require high torque output, and a high-speed motor is suitable for occasions that require high-speed response.
2. Controller configuration problems
Another common problem with controller and motor matching is improper settings. Incorrect controller parameter settings or mismatch with the motor model can also cause the servo motor to fail to operate normally. The solution is to read the controller manual carefully and set the controller parameters correctly.

servo motor

2. Problems during interference and debugging
1. Power supply interference
Power supply interference is an important cause of servo motor problems. Excessive power supply noise can cause the servo motor controller to fail to operate normally, resulting in unstable motion and increased errors. The solution is to select a suitable power supply or use a filter according to quality requirements.
2. Mechanical problems
Mechanical problems are also one of the causes of servo motor problems. For example, failure, wear or damage of mechanical components can cause the servo motor to fail to operate normally. The solution is to maintain the mechanical components, replace and adjust them in time.
3. Debugging parameter setting problems
During the servo motor debugging process, it is easy to have improper parameter settings, such as parameter settings in proportional gain, speed limit, etc., which may affect the normal operation of the servo motor. The solution is to carefully read the controller manual according to the specific situation and check whether the parameter settings are reasonable.

AC servo motor

3. Servo motor debugging precautions
1. Electrical debugging before mechanical debugging
Before debugging the mechanical parts, perform electrical debugging first to ensure the normal operation of the electrical part.
2. Debugging must be carried out strictly in accordance with the requirements
During the servo motor debugging process, it must be debugged strictly in accordance with the requirements, including debugging of speed, acceleration, position control, etc.
3. Pay attention to the output method
During the servo motor debugging process, you need to pay attention to the output method. Generally speaking, there are several ways for motor output, such as position control output, speed control output, and torque control output.

Source:https://steppermotor2.hatenablog.com/entry/2024/06/26/163901

Characteristics and Applications of Bipolar Stepper Motors

1.What is a bipolar stepper motor?

A bipolar stepper motor is a common type of motor that has positioning and control functions. Its operating principle is to control the current outside the motor so that the motor can stay in a precise position at each step. Through this process, the bipolar stepper motor can control its speed and positioning in a very precise way, making it very suitable for some demanding applications.

2.Characteristics of bipolar stepper motors

1.High-precision positioning: Bipolar stepper motors use stepping technology, and each step position is very accurate, which can accurately locate the required position.

2.Strong reversibility: The direction of operation of the bipolar stepper motor can be achieved by changing the direction of the external current, so the opposite direction of operation can be achieved without changing the motor structure.

3.Large static torque: Even in a stationary state, the bipolar stepper motor can provide a high torque output, which allows it to withstand various loads and provide good starting power when it starts to rotate.

4.Simple design: Compared with other types of motors, bipolar stepper motors are also very easy to design and manufacture due to the simplicity of their working principle and easy control.

3.Application of bipolar stepper motors

1.CNC machine tools: The high-precision positioning capability of bipolar stepper motors, as well as the characteristics of reversibility and high torque output, make them an indispensable part of CNC machine tools.

2.Electric bicycles: Bipolar stepper motors are also widely used in electric bicycles. Their high torque output and flexible control capabilities can effectively improve the stability and safety of electric bicycles.

3.Smart home: In smart homes, bipolar stepper motors are also widely used in the control of some household appliances, such as electric curtains and smart toilet lids.

In short, bipolar stepper motors have the characteristics of high-precision positioning, strong reversibility, large static torque, and simple design. They are widely used in many fields.

The closed loop stepper motor VS servo motor

There are significant differences between closed-loop stepper motors and servo motors in terms of control methods, accuracy, speed response performance, overload capability, operating performance and price.

1.control method:

Closed-loop stepper motors usually use an open-loop control system to control the rotation angle by controlling the number of pulses. Each pulse corresponds to a fixed step angle. This control method makes the movement of the stepper motor discrete and can accurately control the position of each step.

The servo motor uses a closed-loop control system to control the rotation of the motor through real-time position feedback. The encoder monitors the actual position of the motor rotor and feeds this information back to the controller. The controller compares the input position command and adjusts the motor based on the difference to achieve precise motion control.

2.Accuracy:

The accuracy of a closed-loop stepper motor depends on the number of phases and the subdivision setting of the driver, while the accuracy of a servo motor depends on the resolution of the encoder, and generally the accuracy of a servo motor is higher than that of a stepper motor.

3.Speed ​​response performance:

It takes 200 to 400 milliseconds to start a closed-loop stepper motor, while it only takes a few milliseconds for a servo motor to start, showing the servo motor's advantage in speed response performance.

4.Overload capacity:

Closed-loop stepper motors generally do not have overload capability and are prone to losing steps when the starting frequency is too high or the load is too large. In comparison, servo motors have stronger overload capabilities.

5.Running performance:

The closed-loop stepper motor is open-loop controlled and will not lose steps or overshoot, but it is prone to low-frequency vibration at low speeds. The AC servo motor runs smoothly and does not vibrate even at low speeds. Servo systems will outperform stepper motors in many performance aspects, but will also be more complex to control.

6.price:

Servo motors are more expensive than closed-loop stepper motors, but this price difference is not entirely a shortcoming of servo motors, but reflects their technical complexity and high performance.

To sum up, closed-loop stepper motors and servo motors each have their own advantages and applicable scenarios. Closed-loop stepper motors are suitable for applications that require precise control of the position of each step, while servo motors are suitable for applications that require high-precision positioning and high-speed response performance. Which motor type you choose depends on specific application needs and budget considerations.